Lancet 2012;379:1508–1516.

In the GO group, the median OS was 4.9 months (95% CI, 4.2–6.8 months) and 3.6 months (95% CI, 2.6–4.2 months) in the best supportive care group.106, Emerging data are exploring the use of lower-intensity maintenance therapies to prolong remission duration and improve survival of elderly patients with AML after intensive treatment.107 A multicenter, phase III randomized study investigated the survival benefit of adding androgens to maintenance therapy in patients with AML aged ≥60 years (n=330).108 In this study, induction therapy included cytarabine (100 mg/m2 on days 1–7), idarubicin (8 mg/m2 on days 1–5), and lomustine (200 mg/m2 on day 1). Gardin C, Chevret S, Pautas C, . Addition of gemtuzumab ozogamicin to induction chemotherapy improves survival in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia. Only a small subgroup of patients younger than 70 years of age with secondary AML showed any benefit to treatment. Venetoclax plus decitabine or azacitidine showed tolerable safety and favorable overall response rate (CR + CRi rate: 67%) in elderly patients with AML.

The CR/CRi rate after induction was similar between the GO and control arms (70% vs 68%). Morphologic leukemia-free state (MLFS) was defined as less than 5% blasts in an aspirate sample with marrow spicules and with a count of at least 200 nucleated cells.

The median OS for all patients was 12 months; the estimated 2-year OS rate was 27%. The simplified model provides an AUC of 0.71, which is less accurate than the complex model but may be more accurate than decision-making strategies based solely on age.74 In a retrospective cohort study of adult patients with AML (n=1,100; range, 20–89 years), a composite predictive model examined the impact of comorbidities on 1-year mortality after induction treatment.75 This analysis incorporated patient-specific (ie, age, comorbidities) and AML-specific (ie, cytogenetic and molecular risks) features, and resulted in a predictive estimate of 0.76 based on AUC.75 This model can be accessed online at http://www.amlcompositemodel.org/. Similarly, for patients aged <50 years who received 3 g/m2 HiDAC for consolidation, the rates of treatment-related deaths (4% vs 0%) and grade ≥3 neurologic toxicity (16% vs 0%) were higher than for those who received the standard dose.45, Younger patients (aged <50 years) who received HiDAC induction and consolidation in the SWOG trial had the highest OS and DFS rates at 4 years (52% and 34%, respectively) compared with those who received standard-dose induction and consolidation (34% and 24%, respectively) or standard induction with high-dose consolidation (23% and 14%, respectively).45 However, the percentage of patients achieving a CR who did not proceed to consolidation was twice as high in the HiDAC induction arm.45 The risks for neurotoxicity and renal insufficiency are increased with HiDAC; therefore, both renal and neurologic function should be closely monitored in patients receiving this treatment. Zhou X, Liang S, Zhan Q, Yang L, Chi J, Wang L. Cell Death Dis.

Blood 2007;109:1395–1400. Loke J, Khan JN, Wilson JS, . Occasionally, spread may occur to the brain, skin, or gums.

Among the subgroup of patients aged 60 to 65 years (n=299), an advantage with dose-escalated compared with standard-dose daunorubicin was observed with regard to rates of CR (73% vs 51%), 2-year EFS (29% vs 14%), and 2-year OS (38% vs 23%).

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Amadori S, Suciu S, Selleslag D, .

Dasatinib in high-risk core binding factor acute myeloid leukemia in first complete remission: a French Acute Myeloid Leukemia Intergroup trial.

DiNardo CD, Pratz KW, Letai A, . The most recent study from the EORTC-GIMEMA AML-12 trial suggests that HiDAC (3 g/m2 every 12 hours on days 1, 2, 5, and 7) improves outcome in patients who are <46 years of age.42 This study randomized 1,900 patients between the ages of 15 and 60 years into 2 treatment groups, HiDAC and standard-dose cytarabine (SDAC; 100 mg/m2/d by continuous infusion for 10 days). Burnett AK, Russell NH, Hills RK, . If an HLA-matched sibling or alternative donor has been identified, an allogeneic HCT may be effective in 25%–30% of patients with induction failure. Evidence for clinical differentiation and differentiation syndrome in patients with acute myeloid leukemia and IDH1 mutations treated with the targeted mutant IDH1 inhibitor, AG-120. © National Comprehensive Cancer Network, Inc. 2019. This booklet provides information about acute myeloid leukemia (AML) for patients and their families. Paschka P, Schlenk RF, Weber D, . received research funding from AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Glycomimetics, JW Pharmaceutical, Amgen, Novartis, Trovagene, Trethera, and Aptose and served as an advisory board member for Pfizer and CVS Caremark; O.F.

The second day of the symposium will feature didactic sessions to address updates in: Acute and Chronic Myeloid Leukemia, Myeloproliferative Neoplasms, Myelodysplastic Syndromes, Acute Myeloid Leukemia, Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia, Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia, Palliative Care, and Pathology issues in this population.Registration Fees, ***  Early Bird rates have been extended through Sunday, September 15th ***, Reduced Fee: NP, PA, Nurse,Allied Health Professional, Retiree, Residents, Fellow.

Disease-free survival (DFS) rate (for patients with a CR) and OS rate (for all patients) at 4 years were not significantly different among treatment arms.

Both groups were also given daunorubicin (50 mg/m2/d on days 1, 3, and 5) and etoposide (50 mg/m2/d on days 1–5). Post-remission treatment with allogeneic stem cell transplantation in patients aged 60 years and older with acute myeloid leukaemia: a time-dependent analysis. Patients were randomized 2:1 to receive low-dose cytarabine alone (20 mg twice daily for 10 days every 28 days) or combined with oral glasdegib (100 mg daily). © 1998-2020 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research.

Contribution: C.D.D., K.P., V.P., B.A.J., M.A., P.S.B., O.F., M.K., A.H.W., H.M.K., J.P., D.A.P., and A.L. Haematologica 2015;100:780–785. Medical writing support was provided by Swati Ghatpande, and Devon Roll of BioConnections LLC, which was funded by AbbVie.

Of the 68/145 (47%) of patients who had an AE that led to venetoclax dose interruption, 27 also had neutropenia. Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) commonly affects the elderly, with a median age of 67 years at diagnosis. The UK NCRI AML 14 trial randomized 217 older patients, primarily aged >60 years (de novo AML, n=129; secondary AML, n=58; high-risk MDS, n=30) unfit for chemotherapy to receive either low-dose cytarabine subcutaneously (20 mg twice daily for 10 consecutive days, every 4–6 weeks) or hydroxyurea (given to maintain target WBC counts <10,000/mcL).103 Patients were also randomized to receive all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or no ATRA. HLA-identical sibling allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation with reduced intensity conditioning compared to autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation for elderly patients with de novo acute myeloid leukemia.

Phase II, multicenter, randomized trial of CPX-351 (cytarabine:daunorubicin) liposome injection versus intensive salvage therapy in adults with first relapse AML. Hematology (Am Soc Hematol Educ Program) 2007;2007:453–459.