You can see it’s mostly Asian and African countries, as well as some in South America. However, for those at higher risk, we have a lower threshold. If the host’s immune system cannot fight it off, the inflammation and infection will continue to spread, damaging more and more alveoli. These are classic symptoms. Monitor negative pressure is maintaining – 2mmhg. We support their respiratory status, manage their infection and prevent it from spreading, and educate them on how important it is to take their full course of medications. Breath sounds of crackles/rales are important signs of tuberculosis. Cardiac tamponade. The treatment for TB can be quite complicated, given that it has many different medications for an extended period. Start a trial to view the entire video. So how do we diagnose TB? Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Impaired Gas Exchange Nursing Interventions : Independent 1. This site is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. This is so important – you want to make sure your respirator fits perfectly so that you don’t risk exposure. Tuberculosis skin test (PPD skin test). Did you find these notes helpful? Consider isolating the patient in an airborne infection. Identify members of the household or people who are in close contact with the patient. It’s more accurate than the PPD skin test, but it’s cost-prohibitive to do it for everyone, so the TB skin test is standard. Elevate the head of the bed and assist the patient to assume semi-Fowler’s position.
Directly observed therapy (DOT). Look out for fever, weight loss, night sweats and sputum production, Listen to the breath sounds for consolidation. The long treatment is critical to make sure that the organisms are eradicated completely. Mantoux / TB skin test – PPD tuberculin is injected intradermally on the forearm, which is checked after 48 to 72 hours. Latent or inactive TB is believed to be non-contagious. RIPE stands for Rifampin, Isoniazide, Pyrazinamide, and Ethambutol – these are THE TB drugs – if you see these drugs, you know you’re dealing with tuberculosis. Your education should cover hygiene measures, mouth care, coughing mouth and nose when sneezing, disposing of tissues properly and hand hygiene. The nurse is caring for a client with tuberculosis and is giving report to the oncoming nurse. Administer the prescribed TB medications, bronchodilators, steroids, mucolytics, and antipyrexial medications. How do they fit in with what I already know? Your email address will not be published. That means when you open the door, the air flows into the room instead of out. Discontinue if SpO2 level is above the target range, or as ordered by the physician. Which of the following choices describes how follow-up is handled for the client who was treated successfully? Patient’s social status (Research has indicated a relationship between poor standard of living and the incidence of TB). Once that is established, you can ask specific questions to gain more knowledge about the patient’s situation: Explain to your patient that a series of tests will be required to confirm the diagnosis. This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. diabetes, severe kidney disease, ongoing chemotherapy). TB drugs: To treat the underlying bacterial infection. Major organ issues. This is a test that you’ve all likely had done at least once already since it’s required for nursing school. Lung infection → pneumonitis and granulomas, Noncompliance → multi-drug resistance (MDR-TB), Airborne transmission (infectious particles aerosolized), Risk of transmission reduced after 2-3 weeks of medication regimen, Obtain sputum and blood cultures before initiating antimicrobial therapy, Contagious for 3 weeks after initiation of medication. Compliance to the prescribed TB regimen is crucial for successful treatment of tuberculosis. Questions: As soon after class as possible, formulate questions based onthe notes in the right-hand column. Some people, like myself, will have severe skin reactions and have very large red areas, but since it isn’t raised, it’s considered negative. What should the nurse do to protect the other residents? So how do we know what’s positive. It causes granulomas to form in the alveolar sacs, which will create cavitation as immune cells surround it.

So if you even remotely suspect your patient might have TB, and especially if the doctors order AFB smears to rule it out, you need to put your patient in Airborne Isolation as soon as possible. Before discharging the patient, try making an activity and nutrition plan for your patient but keep mind that you must be realistic. You might make this easier by administering hydration. However, most facilities use Acid-Fast Bacilli or AFB smears instead because they’re cheaper. For instance, tuberculosis of the kidneys may manifest as hematuria, or the presence of blood in the urine. Well the gold-standard is to see the mycobacterium on a sputum culture. Copyright © The Nursing Journal made by cgcircle. Then, of course, with our hospitalized patients we are going to support their respiratory system and give oxygen as needed. There are some classic symptoms of TB that you need to know. We use RIPE therapy for anywhere from 6-12 months to prevent the TB from laying dormant or becoming resistant. Desired outcome: The patient will have a lower risk of spreading the tuberculosis infection through the use of techniques and interventions to reduce disease transmission. Nursestudy.net © Copyright 2020, All Rights Reserved. Method for Mastering Nursing Pharmacology, 39 Things Every Nursing Student Needs Before Starting School. The public health team will provide support along the treatment journey and ensure that the patient and his relatives stay safe. There are different types of nursing interventions for pulmonary tuberculosis disease (TB), those are described in the below: Place the patient in a negative pressure room Always keep the door of the patient’s room shut and place an isolation sign at a visible location.
Head elevation and proper positioning help improve the expansion of the lungs, enabling the patient to breathe more effectively. Transmission might be from the lungs to other body parts.

Pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) is a chronic respiratory disease common among crowded and poorly ventilated areas. Coughing, sneezing, spitting, or even speaking at short distances may cause an infected person to release microscopic droplets into the air. This is different than a standard surgical mask. Teach the patient to cough in a tissue and throw it away immediately, as well as to perform frequent handwashing and to wear a facial mask.

This page has the most relevant and important nursing lecture notes, practice exam and nursing care plans on Pulmonary Tuberculosis. TB is airborne, so you will need a gown, gloves, N95 Mask, Hair cap and Visor. In this lesson we’ll cover tuberculosis. NCLEX® and NCLEX-RN® are Registered Trademarks of the NCSBN, HESI® is a registered trademark of Elsevier Inc., TEAS® and Test of Essential Academic Skills™ are registered trademarks of Assessment Technologies Institute, CCRN® is a Registered trademark of the AACN; all of which are unaffiliated with, not endorsed by, not sponsored by, and not associated with NRSNG, LLC or TazKai, LLC and its affiliates in any way. This organism most often (85%) presents as a lung infection due to its airborne transmission. Has the patient been travelling recently? Which action of the nurse is most appropriate for providing proper precautions in this situation?