 Demonstration of AFB by sputum microscopy is the

– Flood the smear with 0.1% auramin solution and allow staining for 15 minutes ensuring that smears remain covered with stain.– Rinse with distilled or filtered water until water runs clear and drain excess water from the slide. SAHIL BATRA. Check the actual available chlorine content of the bleach with a pool tester. Begin timing as soon as steam appears; let it steam for 5 minutes, without allowing the slide boil or dry out.– Gently rinse the slide with distilled or filtered water until the water runs clear; drain.– Cover the slide with 3% acid-alcohol solution, leave on for 3 minutes, then drain. If you wish to opt out, please close your SlideShare account. Patients that are sputum smear-positive are 5-10 times more infectious than ... for your AFB Smear Microscopy. Now customize the name of a clipboard to store your clips. The patients were enrolled in the study at the end of the initial two months of treatment. In such cases, the bacterium will completely be acid-fast. Technique – Transfer the sputum to the 15-ml tube. most confirmatory test for pulmonary Illness for more than 2 months, presence of cavity or extensive disease on chest X-ray, and interruption in intensive phase of treatment are independent risk factors for sputum smear positivity at two months, which in turn is associated with poor treatment outcomes.

ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. ScienceDirect ® is a registered trademark of Elsevier B.V. Sputum smear positivity at two months in previously untreated pulmonary tuberculosis patients. Appendix 1. The bacteria found will be Gram-positive or Gram-negative. INTERPRETATION OF RESULTS & REPORTING OF AFB (ACID FAST BACILLI) IN SPUTUM SMEARS.

tubercle bacilli. There are two types of grading scales: one by the Word Health Organization and the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (WHO-IUATLD) and one by the US Centre of Disease Control and American Thoracic Society (CDC-ATS). We use your LinkedIn profile and activity data to personalize ads and to show you more relevant ads.

relatively easy to perform and to read, yields timely Note that seeing 1-9 AFB per 100 HPF is reported as “scanty” and the exact number of bacilli should be recorded.

Do not use water containing chlorine (risk of interference with the fluorescence).– Flood the smear with 0.5% acid-alcohol for 2 minutes to decolourize it.– Rinse with distilled or filtered water and drain excess water from the slide.– Flood the smear with 0.5% potassium permanganate solution and allow to counterstain for 2 minutes. Patients with smear positive at 2 or 3 months of treatment were more likely to fail or default from treatment. Essentially, sputum is composed of a mixture of saliva and mucus. – Transfer the sputum to the 15-ml tube.– Add an equal amount of 3.5% bleach.– Screw the cap back tightly.

Learn more. Notes:– The technique need a skilled reader (artefacts are frequent).– The fluorescence stain remains stable only for 3 days when sheltered from light. For example, a report of “scanty 3” means there were three AFB seen per 100 HPFs and is not the same as a report of “AFB 3+”. AFB bacteria types, when smeared on a slide and processed with special acid-fast staining methods, is visible under a microscope; An AFB smear may be combined with nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT). However, a culture must be performed to confirm a diagnosis and identify the species of mycobacteria present.

NAA testing does not replace the need for AFB smear and culture.

Thousands of new, high-quality pictures added every day. Scanty results are considered as positive result. 0.

See our User Agreement and Privacy Policy. Quality control has to be organised accordingly. Ex-Director, Lala Ram Sarup Institute of Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases, New Delhi, India. Use of Sputum sample for diagnosis of disease, interpretation, treatment & cl... No public clipboards found for this slide.

Aforesaid factors were also associated with sputum culture positive status at 2 months in univariate analysis. D0WNL0AD FULL ▶ ▶ ▶ ▶ http://1lite.top/SsToC ◀ ◀ ◀ ◀.

You can change your ad preferences anytime. – Gloves and respirator– Water, distilled or filtered– Carbol fuchsin– 3% acid-alcohol (ethanol + hydrochloric acid)– 0.3% methylene blue. This content cannot be displayed without JavaScript.Please enable JavaScript and reload the page. The revised definition of a new sputum smear-positive pulmonary TB case is based on the presence of at least one acid fast bacilli (AFB+) in at least one sputum sample in countries with a well functioning external quality assurance (EQA) system. Patients who interrupted treatment ⩾3 times in the first two months were more likely to be culture positive at two months and had a higher rate of default and failure. – Gloves and respirator– Water, distilled or filtered– 0.1% auramin O solution– 0.5 % acid alcohol– 0.5% potassium permanganate solution– Fluorescence microscope (or a LED device that can be attached to a standard light microscope). TB diagnostics and laboratory strengthening - WHO policy Definition of a new sputum smear-positive TB case, 2007.
1 Comment.

Good luck! Repeat this operation 2 or 3 times, until the slide is completely decolourized.– Rinse the slide with distilled or filtered water, and drain.– Cover the slide with methylene blue, and leave on for one minute.– Gently rinse the slide with distilled or filtered water until the water runs clear, then allow to air dry.

The average sputum AFB smear positivity rate in the country is ca. come from lungs and it is not just saliva. Copyright © 2013 Asian-African Society for Mycobacteriology.

tuberculosis, but one has to be sure that sputum has positive cases Patients with previously untreated PTB with sputum smear positive at 2 months of treatment (cases) were compared with those who achieved conversion (controls).

Looks like you’ve clipped this slide to already. – Flood the slide with carbol fuchsin (after filtering the carbol fuchsin).– Gently heat the slide. In 74 cases and 74 controls, independent risk factors for sputum smear positive at two months were: illness for >2 months, presence of cavity or extensive disease on chest X-ray, and interruption in intensive phase of treatment.

... Report the smear as ‘AFB POSITIVE’, and give a grade to the observations as per the no. – Add an equal amount of 3.5% bleach.

– Always read the positive control smear first. Read as soon as possible after staining. Find Slide Sputum Afb stock images in HD and millions of other royalty-free stock photos, illustrations and vectors in the Shutterstock collection. Time is critical because counterstaining for longer may quench the fluorescence of AFB.– Rinse with distilled or filtered water and drain excess water from the slide. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website.
... – Slides. Single direct smear miss about 25% of sputum positive cases Simple, inexpensive, appropriate technology which is relatively easy to perform and to read, yields timely …  Single direct smear Patients with these factors merit special attention under the national program.

Each field is a high powered field (HPF). I just wanted to share a list of sites that helped me a lot during my studies: .................................................................................................................................... www.EssayWrite.best - Write an essay .................................................................................................................................... www.LitReview.xyz - Summary of books .................................................................................................................................... www.Coursework.best - Online coursework .................................................................................................................................... www.Dissertations.me - proquest dissertations .................................................................................................................................... www.ReMovie.club - Movies reviews .................................................................................................................................... www.WebSlides.vip - Best powerpoint presentations .................................................................................................................................... www.WritePaper.info - Write a research paper .................................................................................................................................... www.EddyHelp.com - Homework help online .................................................................................................................................... www.MyResumeHelp.net - Professional resume writing service .................................................................................................................................. www.HelpWriting.net - Help with writing any papers ......................................................................................................................................... Save so as not to lose. Shake vigorously until the mixture is homogeneous.– Let stand for sedimentation at room temperature for 15 to 18 hours.– Using a pipette, carefully transfer the supernatant to a waste container containing a 1% chlorine solution.– Mix the sediment with the remaining fluid.– Transfer 2 drops of the sediment to a slide.– Make a smear and let it air dry in a horizontal position.– When the smear is completely dry, fix it by passing the smear through a flame 3 times. Wipe the back of the slide with tissue paper.– Allow smears to air-dry. A positive test result will indicate that the patient has TB. In pulmonary tuberculosis, bacteriological status at two months affects subsequent treatment and prognosis. Check the source ⇒ www.WritePaper.info ⇐ This site is really helped me out gave me relief from headaches. Scribd will begin operating the SlideShare business on December 1, 2020 As of this date, Scribd will manage your SlideShare account and any content you may have on SlideShare, and Scribd's General Terms of Use and Privacy Policy will apply. Published by Elsevier Ltd. International Journal of Mycobacteriology, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmyco.2013.08.002.

If the positive control is not positive, do not continue with the patient smears, but re-stain the batch.

Grading AFB scale (WHO-IUATLD) Number of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) Report. Slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. A slide should be examined by an experienced laboratory technician on at least 300 fields (15 minutes on average) before giving a negative result.  Simple, inexpensive, appropriate technology which is

specimens, tissue, bodily fluids, etc. No AFB. We use cookies to help provide and enhance our service and tailor content and ads.

Very nice tips on this. Note: to control the quality of the colouration, it is essential to include at least a known positive smear in the batch.

The effect on treatment outcome and risk factors for sputum conversion at two months treatment in previously untreated pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) patients was studied in the following report. – Gloves and respirator– 15 ml plastic conical screw capped tube– 3.5% bleach solution (12° chl)1