[10] In the Baltic, Undine was torpedoed and sunk by the British submarine HMS E19 on 7 November 1915. Early in the engagement, the ship was badly damaged by gunfire from the battlecruiser HMS Invincible. Perhaps most importantly, a waterline armored belt was added to improve the defensive capabilities of the new ships. But here goes I am compiling a list of British and German light cruisers of WW1 I am looking at the Wikipeadia articles which seem quite a good starting point. [122], The third class of cruisers named after the capital of East Prussia marked a radical divergence from earlier cruiser designs. Work began on the first two ships in 1938, but the outbreak of war in September 1939 forced the Navy to abandon work on warships that could not be completed quickly. Graudenz was present during the raid on Scarborough, Hartlepool and Whitby in December 1914 and the Battle of the Gulf of Riga in August 1915. Dresden class light cruiser Nürnberg, the last cruiser completed by Germany, was seized by the Soviet Union and commissioned as Admiral Makarov, serving until the late 1950s. [50], All four ships saw major action during the war. Conway Maritime Press. Like the Bremens, one member of the new class—Stettin—was equipped with turbines for testing purposes. Two were sunk during the invasion of Norway and the remaining three vessels were destroyed by Allied bombers in the final months of the war. Major use of welding was also a feature of this class of cruisers, and diesel engines were used in combination with the turbines to increase their cruising radius, though only one set of engines could be run at one time. Königsberg, meanwhile, was surrendered to France in 1920 and renamed Metz;[103] she was ultimately scrapped in 1936. Launched: 07.01.1925. [16], The Königsberg class continued the general trend of slightly larger and faster German light cruiser designs. Graudenz became the Italian Ancona and served until 1937, when she was sold for scrapping. [29] She eventually became trapped in the Rufiji River and was later destroyed by a pair of British monitors in 1915. München doesn't feel good to me. But as it pulled into the harbor, the Morse operator sent off a quick burst via the station’s wireless system, alerting a nearby cruiser to the unfamiliar ship in the harbor. This time, we are uncovering the interesting history of a German cruiser, SMS Kolberg, the lead ship of the Kolberg-class of light cruisers. Bremen class light cruisers. Karlsruhe thereafter operated as a commerce raider; she captured or sank some sixteen ships off the coast of Brazil before an accidental explosion destroyed the ship and killed most of her crew. [120][121] The design nevertheless included several innovations, including the large-scale use of welding rather than rivets to save weight. The original 10.5 cm (4.1 in) SK L/40 gun was replaced by the more advanced L/45 model in the Kolberg class, and it was in turn superseded by the more powerful 15 cm (5.9 in) SK L/45 gun in the Pillau class. In "German Light Cruisers", author Gerhard Koop gives the reader a very good treatment of the Kriegsmarine's light cruisers. Leipzig was the lead ship of her class of light cruisers built by the German navy. [102] Karlsruhe, Emden, and Nürnberg were interned with the fleet in Scapa Flow, while Königsberg remained in Germany. Bremen and Leipzig served in the East Asia Squadron early in their careers; the other ships, save München, were assigned to the fleet scouting forces. Commanders. [52] Kolberg saw action at the Battle of Dogger Bank in January 1915 and scored the first hits of the engagement. [6] As a result, they could effectively perform the two roles envisioned for the design. [51] Mainz and Cöln were sunk at the Battle of Heligoland Bight in the first month of the war. [73] There, she assisted in the destruction of a pair of British destroyers. [93][94] She also saw action during Operation Albion in October 1917,[95] and the Second Battle of Heligoland Bight in November of that year. German Light Cruisers 1939–45 (New Vanguard) [Williamson, Gordon, Palmer, Ian] on Amazon.com. Bremen class light cruisers They were named for cruisers that had been sunk in the early months of the war. SMS Kolberg, Mainz, C�ln, Augsburg Laid down 1907-1908, completed 1909-1911. Gazelle class light cruisers. German Light Cruisers. The light cruiser’s belt armour is 50 mm thick. It's a good source of information on these rakish craft. [40] She took part in the battles of Coronel and the Falkland Islands,[41] and she was the only German cruiser to escape destruction at the latter. [34] Elbing was accidentally rammed and disabled by the battleship Posen in the confused night fighting,[84] and her crew was ultimately forced to abandon the wreck. As a result, those two ships were scrapped and the remaining four were never laid down. This class is sometimes referred to as the K class, owing to the fact that all three vessels' names start with that letter. Flow. She saw action at Dogger Bank,[71] the bombardment of Yarmouth and Lowestoft in April 1916,[72] and at Jutland the following month. 1: The Light Cruiser Nürnberg". Gardiner, Robert; Gray, Randal, eds (1984). [12], The Bremen class was an incremental improvement over the earlier Gazelles, being larger and slightly faster. Gazelle class light cruisers [103], By 1916, Germany had lost thirteen light cruisers in the conflict; ten new light cruisers were ordered to a design based on the preceding Königsberg class. She was handed over to the US Navy after this and they sank her in bombing trials in 1921. [101] Both cruisers were interned in Scapa Flow and scuttled there in June 1921, and both remain on the bottom of Scapa Flow. [19][20] Berlin and München were withdrawn from service in 1916, the latter after being badly damaged by a mine. [8] Ariadne was sunk by several British battlecruisers at the Battle of Heligoland Bight on 28 August 1914. [32] Stettin saw action at the Battle of Heligoland Bight in August 1914. Her crew ran her aground to prevent her from sinking, and ultimately blew her up with demolition charges to prevent the Allies from capturing her in May. (State Library of Victoria) The Emden landed a shore party there and quickly went after the two cables. The Germans intended to use the Gazelles both as fleet scouts and overseas cruisers. Jetzt eBook herunterladen & bequem mit Ihrem Tablet oder eBook Reader lesen. German Light Cruisers 1939–45 (New Vanguard) München was used as a torpedo training ship. DigNap15. German cruisers start off as lighter versions of their contemporaries, but as they progress up the tiers (especially past Tier VI), their true prowess is revealed: turrets that turn lightning-fast, housing guns that rapidly fire powerful armor-piercing shells at long ranges, outranging both American and Japanese cruis… They were instrumental in bringing the Ottoman Empire into the war on the side of Germany. [139][140] The British submarine HMS Salmon managed to torpedo both cruisers on 13 December 1939, though both ships made it back to port for repairs. Four modified designs followed, with each one increasing in size and armament, until the final design, "FK 4", had returned to the size and armament of the earlier light cruisers. [56], The Magdeburg class introduced several significant improvements over earlier designs, including a more effective bow shape that improved seakeeping and a cut-down quarterdeck that allowed for more efficient handling of the ships' mines. [137] They were also fitted with bulbous bows to improve their hydrodynamic efficiency. Germany was permitted to retain eight of the oldest cruisers; of these, five continued to serve in secondary roles into World War II. SMS Bremen, Hamburg, Berlin, Lubeck, Munchen, Leipzig, Danzig Laid down 1902-1904, completed 1904-1907. [145], The M class was authorized by Plan Z in 1939, though design work started as early as 1936; these ships were intended to serve as the reconnaissance units for the commerce raiding squadrons envisioned in the plan. Only six German light cruisers were completed between 1925 and … The German shells disabled both of the armored cruisers in short order with Leipzig concentrating her fire on Glasgow but to no avail. 250–255. They were otherwise very similar, and mounted the same main battery of 10.5 cm guns. OCLC, Whitley, M. J. KzS Günter Lütjens: Sep 1934 - Sep … German Light Cruisers of World War II: Amazon.de: Koop, Gerhard, Schmolke, Klaus-Peter: Fremdsprachige Bücher She was used as a barracks ship after the war and scuttled in July 1946. SMS Bremen, Hamburg, Berlin, Lubeck, Munchen, Leipzig, Danzig Laid down 1902-1904, completed 1904-1907. DigNap15. She's like a Nürnberg, but at T7. Not sure if this is the correct place. [34] She emerged from the battle completely undamaged,[80] despite having led several torpedo attacks against British formations. Oct 24, 2020 - German light cruiser Königsberg lead vessel of her class and operated by two German navies, Reichsmarine and Kriegsmarine (1929-1940) including WWII. SMS K�nigsberg (ii), Karlsruhe (ii), N�rnberg (ii), Emden (ii) Laid down 1914-1915, completed 1916-1918. New Vanguard 84 Author: Gordon Williamson; Illustrator: Ian Palmer; Short code: NVG 84; Publication Date: 25 Sep 2003; Number of Pages: 48; Users in the USA and Canada please select your location at the top of this page to see prices in your currency. [42] She was later trapped by British cruisers at Más a Tierra in March 1915. Several of these were commissioned into their fleets: Italy received three cruisers and France took four. [89], Königsberg and Nürnberg both saw action at the Second Battle of Heligoland Bight, where the former was slightly damaged. SMS Regensburg. In "German Light Cruisers", author Gerhard Koop gives the reader a very good treatment of the Kriegsmarine's light cruisers. They were otherwise identical to the preceding light cruiser designs. [76], Illustration of Regensburg showing the arrangement of the armament and armor, The Graudenz-class cruisers were very similar to the preceding Karlsruhe class, being of similar size, mounting an identical main battery, and having a comparable speed. Frauenlob underway before the outbreak of World War I, The Gazelle class was the first modern light cruiser design of the Imperial Navy. During WW1 at the time of the battlecruiser shelling of the East Coast, would it have been possible for a couple of German Light Cruisers to dash up t [119] The design borrowed heavily from the late-World War I cruisers. [15][25] All four ships were employed with the High Seas Fleet after they were commissioned, though Nürnberg was deployed to Asia in 1910,[26] and Königsberg was sent to East African waters in 1914. They were design studies only,[115] and Germany's deteriorating wartime situation in the final two years of the war forced the Navy to all but abandon construction of surface warships in favor of U-boats. [48], Magdeburg's career was cut short on 26 August 1914, when she ran aground while operating against Russian forces in the Baltic. SMS Gazelle, Niobe, Nymphe, Thetis, Ariadne, Amazone, Medusa, Frauenlob, Arcona, Udine Laid down 1897-1901, completed 1900-1904. [68] Karlsruhe was assigned to replace Dresden in the Caribbean in mid-1914, and shortly after her arrival in late July 1914, hostilities opened in Europe. Before the war, most served on foreign stations or with the main fleet, while Nymphe and Undine served as training ships. "Lesser Known Warships of the Kriegsmarine No. It's a good source of information on these rakish craft. She had two sister ships, Königsberg and Karlsruhe. Conway Maritime Press. [31] Nürnberg participated in the battles at Coronel and the Falkland Islands, where she was sunk. Post Aug 23, 2019 #1 2019-08-23T04:04. SMS Dresden, Emden Laid down 1907-1908, completed 1909-1911. [16], The ships saw extensive action during the war. Five other ships were launched, but not completed—these ships received names—and the remaining three had only had some work done to their keels before work ceased. [39], Dresden initially operated as a commerce raider in the Atlantic after the outbreak of war in 1914, before steaming around South America to join von Spee's squadron as it approached the continent. This strange configuration, never used again, was intended to improve stability as the turret No.2 was barely higher than the N°3. They were significantly larger, slightly faster, and had a more raked hull, but carried the same main battery and had identical armor protection. [69][70], Rostock, meanwhile, remained with the High Seas Fleet. pp. These latter three ships were known only by their contract names. [45] Shortly thereafter, the Australian light cruiser HMAS Sydney caught Emden off the Cocos Islands and inflicted serious damage, forcing her to beach on the island of North Keeling. [61] Breslau, renamed Midilli, was eventually sunk by British mines during the Battle of Imbros in January 1918. [62], The other two ships, Strassburg and Stralsund, remained with the High Seas Fleet for the duration of their careers. And new, longer C/25 model guns were used. [33] Both she and Stuttgart also participated in the Battle of Jutland. [11], The seven surviving ships were withdrawn from front-line service in 1916 and used for auxiliary purposes. SMS Magdeburg, Breslau, Strassburg, Stralsund Laid down 1910, completed 1912. German Tier VII Light Cruiser 1936. OCLC, Whitley, M. J. 2: The Light Cruiser Nürnberg". [74] In the ferocious night fighting on the night of 31 May – 1 June, Rostock was torpedoed and disabled by British destroyers. After the launch of Emden (1925), the light ‘K’ class cruisers were immediately started on the basis of a modernized armament, three triple turrets, of which the last two were offset from the axis, one further to starboard and the other to port. A new approach was taken in the five members of the succeeding Königsberg and Leipzig classes with triple gun turrets and hybrid diesel/turbine propulsion systems. They carried the standard eight 15 cm guns, the forward wing mounts were placed a deck higher to improve their firing arc. Leipzig was laid down in April 1928, was launched in October 1929, and was commissioned into the Reichsmarine in October 1931. Fate: Destroyed by explosions 03.04.1945 (Heikendorf Bay) Königsberg. SMS Graudenz, German Light Cruiser 1918, H-P Models 1:700 Scale-The SMS Graudenz and sistership, Regensburg, were large light cruisers built by Germany in response to the large powerful light cruisers of the Royal Navy. [27], All four ships saw major action during the war. SMS Pillau, Elbing Laid down 1913, completed 1915. Both vessels served on foreign stations for the majority of their careers; Emden was assigned to the East Asia Squadron after she entered service,[38] and Dresden spent much time off the North American Atlantic coast. Contact Me. [132][133], Leipzig and Nürnberg were the follow-on class to the three Königsberg-class ships. They clearly had sets of improvements over the “K” (Königsberg) class cruisers, larger and with a more efficient main battery arrangement, and better … Armour Modifiers Shell Speed Ammo Type Light Medium Heavy Normal 100% 75% 40% 180 HE 140% 90% 70% 150 HE+ 145% 105% 70% 150 HE++ 145% 110% 75% C�ln class light cruisers They were otherwise very similar, with the same top speed and armor protection. She had one sister ship, Nürnberg. Wiesbaden class light cruisers [90], Wiesbaden only participated in one major battle: Jutland. Toledo, OH: International Naval Research Organization. SMS Karlsruhe, Rostock Laid down 1911, completed 1914. Nürnberg was also completed with a much stronger anti-aircraft battery. Karlsruhe class light cruisers with 5.9inch weapons. (1983). She was damaged by a mine in mid-1916, and was in dock for repairs during Jutland. Arcona, Medusa, and Amazone were used as barracks hulks for the rest of the 1930s. German Light Cruisers 1939–45. [116], Emden was the first new cruiser designed by the reformed Reichsmarine in the early 1920s. SMS C�ln (ii), Dresden (ii) Laid down 1915-1916, completed 1918. [136], Both Leipzig and Nürnberg were deployed to the non-intervention patrols in Spanish waters in the late 1930s. [128], The three ships all participated in the non-intervention patrols during the Spanish Civil War in 1936–1939. These forty-seven cruisers all saw action across the globe in World War I; the bulk served with the German fleets in the North and Baltic Seas, though several served on foreign stations, typically as commerce raiders. As a result, the initial design was much smaller than the Cöln design, and it carried only five 15 cm guns, but had a top speed of 32 knots (59 km/h; 37 mph). Like the preceding classes, one ship was equipped with turbine engines, and one with reciprocating machinery; this was to be the last time a German cruiser utilized the older triple-expansion engines. Two British armored cruisers were joined by a single light cruiser and a single auxiliary cruiser against Two German armored cruisers and three light cruisers. [57], Brummer arriving in Rosyth at the end of World War I, The two Brummer class cruisers were designed in 1914, when the turbines being built by AG Vulcan for the Russian battlecruiser Navarin became available owing to the state of war between Germany and Russia. Emden. They saw action at the major engagements, including Heligoland Bight and Dogger Bank, though neither ship was present at Jutland. [49] In addition, they carried an extra pair of guns, which strengthened their broadside. [96] Frankfurt survived the war and was interned at Scapa Flow; her crew was unsuccessful in their attempt to scuttle her,[97] and she was ultimately surrendered to the United States and expended as a target in 1921. Gardiner, Robert; Chesneau, Roger, eds (1980). Kolberg class light cruisers Earlier German light cruisers were in competition with a series of British scout cruisers which had a higher speed of 25 knots, but smaller 3-inch 12 pounder guns or 4-inch guns. But they quote the speed of the German light cruisers in mph and kmsper hours. [86], Frankfurt as a target ship in US Navy service, The Wiesbaden class was the first German light cruiser design to mount 15 cm guns, though the Pillau class was completed with guns of this caliber first. They retained the same armament and armor protection of the Bremen class. (1983). "[7] Indeed, all future light cruisers built by the Imperial Navy generally followed the same pattern, with few fundamental changes. [122], During World War II, she was used to lay mines in the North Sea,[123] to provide gunfire support to ground troops, and as a convoy escort and training ship for cadets. Niobe was sold to Yugoslavia in 1925 and renamed Dalmacija, while Nymphe and Thetis were scrapped in the early 1930s. [106] Both were interned at Scapa Flow at the end of the war; they were successfully scuttled in June 1919. SMS Wiesbaden, Frankfurt Laid down 1913, completed 1915. [3] Over the following two decades, the Germans built a further thirty-seven light cruisers; these vessels slowly grew in size, speed, armament, and armor. [14] One ship, Lübeck, was fitted with new Parsons steam turbines to evaluate their use in future designs; the other vessels retained proven triple-expansion engines. Both were used as training cruisers in the 1920s and then as barracks ships from the 1930s. [67] They were also the last cruisers to enter service before the outbreak of World War I. In "German Light Cruisers", author Gerhard Koop gives the reader a very good treatment of the Kriegsmarine's light cruisers. 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