laboratory diagnosis of tuberculosis ppt

Angkana Chaiprasert, Dr.rer.nat. Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Majority of Adults suffer with pulmonary tuberculosis. The Adobe Flash plugin is needed to view this content. Even the induration of 5 mm to be considered positive when tested on HIV patients. To prevent users from facing this, Use HTTPS option. Examine after 48 – 72 hrs .

Maximal number of sputum smear examinations.

Enter one or more tags separated Culturing Mycobacterium: Culturing Mycobacterium Culturing for isolation of Mycobacterium spp continues to be a Gold standard, particularly in Developing countries. In duration of diameter 10 mm –p 5mm or less – N Allergic test: Allergic test 2. -Gastric lavage -Transtracheal aspirations -Bronchoscopy -Laryngeal swabbing 2.Urine specimens 3.Tissue and body fluid specimens 4.Blood specimens 5.Wounds, skin lesions, and aspirates Sputum collection : Sputum collection Sputum collected in the morning before any meal Should not use oral antiseptics 2 sputum samples Sputum is not available then . The actively respiring microorganisms consume the oxygen & allow the fluorescence to be observed using UV trans-illuminator lamp. The daily increase in GI output is directly proportional to the rate & amount of growth in the medium. Optimal specimen collection a priority, Molecular Methods are growing need. Lacks specificity.

Middlebrook biplate (7H10/7H11Sagar) Solid media: Solid media EGG BASED Lowenstein-Jensen (L-J) L-J with pyruvic acid L-J with iron Solid media: Solid media Cultures incubated at 35 °c in the dark in an atmosphere of 5% to 10% co2 and high humidity Cultures are examined weekly for growth Most isolates appear between 3 and 6 weeks a few isolates appear after 7 or 8 weeks After 8 wks of incubation negative cultures are reported Mycobacterium tuberculosis: Mycobacterium tuberculosis Dry , Rough , Raised , irregular colonies with wrinkled surface They are creamy white becoming yellowish or buff coloured on further incubation Eight Week Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on Lowenstein-Jensen Agar : Eight Week Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis on Lowenstein-Jensen Agar Commonly used liquid media systems to culture and detect the growth of mycobacterium: Commonly used liquid media systems to culture and detect the growth of mycobacterium BACTEC 460 Mycobacteria growth indicator tube (MGIT) BACTEC MGIT 960 ( continuous growth monitoring systems) Liquid media : Liquid media Use of liquid media system reduces the turn-around time for isolation of acid-fast bacilli to approximately 10 days compared with 17 days or longer in conventional methods Once growth is detected in the liquid media , an acid fast stain is performed to confirm the presence of acid-fast bacilli Recent Methods for Diagnosis: Recent Methods for Diagnosis I – BACTEC 460 ( rapid radiometric culture system ) specimens are cultured in a liquid medium (Middle brook7H9 broth base )containing C 14 – labelled palmitic acid & PANTA antibiotic mixture. - Determining drug susceptibility . The MGIT 960 System: The MGIT 960 System The MGIT 960 system is a non-radiometric automated system that uses the MGIT media & sensors to detect the fluorescence.

Increases the sensitivity by 10 % Better conclusions with one or two specimens, unlike Ziehl Neelsen’s method needing 3 or > 3 specimens. usedtoinject0.1mlofPPDintradermallyintothevolarsurfaceof the forearm; the immediate appearance of a wheal indicates cor- rect technique. Low in sensitivity < 50 % Repeated requests for samples High drop out by patients, for repeated samples. Early use of chest radiography. New Approach in Diagnosis of TB Replication of M. Tuberculosis 1. Several serological tests for antibody determinations are evaluated. Laboratory diagnosis of Tuberculosis : Laboratory diagnosis of Tuberculosis Govind P. Sah Medical microbiology Lecture CMLT, 2 nd year Tuberculosis or TB (short for tubercle bacillus): Tuberculosis or TB (short for tubercle bacillus) Is a common and often deadly infectious disease caused by mycobacterium usually mycobacterium tuberculosis Genus mycobacteria is divided in to 1. A delayed hypersensitivity reaction to TST usually peaks at 48 to 72 h. In some individuals, reaction occurs after 72 h and should be measured at that time. Repeated sample examinations.

- False positive results. Customize Embed, Thumbnail: In order to view it, please Principle of the procedure: : Principle of the procedure: A fluorescent compound (which is sensitive to O 2 ) is embeded in silicone on the bottom of the tube. TB diagnostics and laboratories. Physical Examination. recent advances in diagnosis of Tuberculosis, NEWER METHODS IN DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOSIS, Xpert MTB/RIF Ultranewer technology DIAGNOSIS OF TUBERCULOSIS.

Recent facts on Culturing: Recent facts on Culturing Useful in HIV infected patients with Tuberculosis. All smear negative specimens should be cultured. - Specificity is very high Disadvantages : - Expensive - Hazards of using radioactive material. The load of bacilli must be more than 10,000 / 1 ml of sputum. High-quality laboratory diagnosis of TB is the basis …