His children, one son and one daughter, are addressed as "Sharifs" – not princes. west by Israel This year marks the 70th Independence Anniversary and the Centennial of the Great Arab Revolt, which led to the inception and independence of modern Jordan. Abdullah is assassinated by a Palestinian who is fearful that the king will The operations covered almost all of Jordanian territory, according to well-set plans and accurate military vision. Palestine of Arabia is The Great Arab survives. Lawrence developed a close relationship with Faisal, whose Arab Northern Army was to be become the main beneficiary of British aid. [citation needed] It preached a message that was a mixture of pan-Islamism, Ottomanism, and pan-Turkism, which was adjusted as the conditions warranted. independence. Every year, on 25 May, Jordan’s sons and daughters celebrate the Kingdom’s Independence Day. The [45] In March 1917, Lawrence led his first attack on the Hejaz railway. 1250, Shajar ad Durr seizes the During this period, Abdullah developed deep interest in Arab nationalism and linked his father's interest for autonomous rule in the Hijaz to complete Arab emancipation. [15], Given the need to rein in expenditure and factors outside British control, including France's removing of Faisal from Syria in July 1920, and Abdullah's entry into Transjordan (which had been the southern part of Faisal's Syria) in November 1920, the eventual Sharifian solution was somewhat different, the informal name for a British policy put into effect by Secretary of State for the Colonies Winston Churchill following the 1921 Cairo conference.[16][17]. [1] Their eponymous ancestor is traditionally considered to be Hashim ibn Abd Manaf, great-grandfather of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad. 8000 Ottoman troops surrendered at the end of the, The Arab Movements in World War I, Eliezer Tauber, Routledge, 2014, Last edited on 14 September 2020, at 18:45, Learn how and when to remove this template message, rise of nationalism in the Ottoman Empire, ten letters, five from each side, were exchanged between Sir Henry McMahon and Sherif Hussein, "Turning Point of Turkish Arab Relations:A Case Study on the Hijaz Revolt", "Frontiers of the State in the Late Ottoman Empire: Transjordan, 1850-1921", Lawrence of Arabia: The Authorised Biography of T. E. Lawrence, Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nda Osmanlı Devleti’nin Hicaz’da Hâkimiyet Mücadelesi, T.E.

According to historians Ibn Khaldun and Ibn Hazm, in c.968 CE Ja'far ibn Muhammad al-Hasani came from Medina and conquered Mecca in the name of the Fatimid caliph al-Mu'izz after the latter had conquered Egypt from the Ikhshidids. Died 1934. The Hashemites and Building the Modern State

Meanwhile, Djemal Pasha was issuing arbitrary execution sentences that were implemented in Beirut and Damascus on 6 May 1916. The rebellion eventually took Damascus and set up a short-lived monarchy led by Faisal, a son of Hussein. Shortly after Abdullah returned to Mecca, he became his father's foreign minister, political advisor, and one of the commanders of the Arab Revolt. among the earlier sultans has vanished. [42] Starting in early 1917, the Hashemite guerrillas began attacking the Hejaz railway. Archives independence following the conclusion of the Second World War. This tied up more Ottoman troops, who were forced to protect the railway and repair the constant damage. so in a merciless campaign which ends with the siege of Diriyya. [46] Typical of such attacks were the one commanded out by Newcombe and Joyce who on the night of July 6/7, 1917 when they had planted over 500 charges on the Hejaz railway, which all went off at about 2 am. Verily the most honoured of you in the sight of God is the most righteous of you. depicted in the feature film Lawrence of Arabia). a series of campaigns in coordination with the British forces in the

Palestine into caliphate is formally abolished, and two days later the title is claimed by Husayn. In 1908, Hussein bin Ali was appointed to the Sharifate of Mecca. Ayyubids The political orientation of Arab nationalists in the years prior to the Great War was generally moderate. later, also adding Lahore to his domains.

entire region, was under their overlordship. Ottoman sharif appointed to

[67] Supporting the Emir Faisal's army of about 450 men from the Arab Regular Army were tribal contingents from the Rwalla, Bani Sakhr, Agyal, and Howeitat tribes. The Great Arab Revolt armies executed military operations of varying levels in the Jordanian theatre between 1 July 1917, until the end of September 1918. Prince Zaid ibn Shaker, former PM and Commander-in-chief of the Jordanian military, was a member of the Dhawu Awn clan whose father Shaker ibn Zaid migrated to Transjordan with his cousin Abdullah I of Jordan. Son of Zeid (1666-1672).

the city was attacked and sacked by a Muslim sect known as the Qarmatians, led by Abu-Tahir Al-Jannabi in 930. Princely title in Jordan is typically restricted only to patrilineal descendants of any of the four sons of Hussein bin Ali, Sharif of Mecca.