These annals descendno lower than the xiiith century. But did you know she l. ii. The second and third crusades trod in the footsteps of the first:Asia and Europe were mingled in a sacred war of two hundredyears; and the Christian powers were bravely resisted, andfinally expelled by Saladin and the Mamelukes of Egypt. It isdated the year 1092 of the era of the Greeks, or the Seleucidae,A.D.

Note: The images on this page and each volume's index are Little loved by generations of students, readers and writers alike, footnotes are on the wane, say recent articles in the New York Times and Newsweek. Nor will this scope of narrative, the richesand variety of these materials, be incompatible with the unity ofdesign and composition.

^118 Under thereign of the caliphs, the Nestorian church was diffused fromChina to Jerusalem and Cyrus; and their numbers, with those ofthe Jacobites, were computed to surpass the Greek and Latincommunions. The Arabs or Saracens.

vii. In hislast treaty, Justinian introduced some conditions which tended toenlarge and fortify the toleration of Christianity in Persia. Their country extends from the ridge of MountLibanus to the shores of Tripoli; and the gradual descentaffords, in a narrow space, each variety of soil and climate,from the Holy Cedars, erect under the weight of snow, ^136 to thevine, the mulberry, and the olive-trees of the fruitful valley.

Thesenate was summoned to the palace to ratify or attest theassociation of Heracleonas, the son of Martina: the imposition ofthe diadem was consecrated by the prayer and blessing of thepatriarch; the senators and patricians adored the majesty of thegreat emperor and the partners of his reign; and as soon as thedoors were thrown open, they were hailed by the tumultuary butimportant voice of the soldiers. Maron, asaint or savage of the fifth century, displayed his religiousmadness in Syria; the rival cities of Apamea and Emesa disputedhis relics, a stately church was erected on his tomb, and sixhundred of his disciples united their solitary cells on the banksof the Orontes. The news of his murder was conveyed with almost supernaturalspeed from Syracuse to Constantinople; and Constantine, theeldest of his sons, inherited his throne without being the heirof the public hatred. 473.

It can inform and entertain, clarify and illuminate. After the amusement of some unequal combats between the Jesuitsand his illiterate priests, the emperor declared himself aproselyte to the synod of Chalcedon, presuming that his clergyand people would embrace without delay the religion of theirprince.

c. ^161, [Footnote 159: Religio Romana ...nec precibus patrum necmiraculis ab ipsis editis suffulciebatur, is the uncontradictedassurance of the devout emperor Susneus to his patriarch Mendez,(Ludolph. Yet the modern natives of Armenia and Abyssinia would beincapable of conversing with their ancestors; and the Christiansof Egypt and Syria, who reject the religion, have adopted thelanguage of the Arabians. Such a chronological review willserve to illustrate the various argument of the subsequentchapters; and each circumstance of the eventful story of theBarbarians will adapt itself in a proper place to the Byzantineannals.

The inscription of Siganfuwhich describes the fortunes of the Nestorian church, from thefirst mission, A.D. 636, to the current year 781, is accused offorgery by La Croze, Voltaire, &c., who become the dupes of theirown cunning, while they are afraid of a Jesuitical fraud. download 1 file . Fourteen years before, thechurch of Spain had overlooked the vth general council withcontemptuous silence, (xiii. in Concil. In thisspiritual distress, the expiring faction was revived, and united,and perpetuated, by the labors of a monk; and the name of JamesBaradaeus ^129 has been preserved in the appellation ofJacobites, a familiar sound, which may startle the ear of anEnglish reader. •  “Extracts from ...” in Solo. Yet M. Schmidt (Geschichte der Ost Mongolen, p. 384) denies thatthere is any satisfactory proof that much a monument was everfound in China, or that it was not manufactured in Europe.

But ifthe Jesuits had attempted such a forgery, would it not have beenmore adapted to further their peculiar views? Robert K. Merton explored it fully in his short book, On The Shoulders of Giants: A Shandean Postscript (Free Press; 1965).

p.74,) and the Arabic version is marked with many recentinterpolations. The decline of the footnote has been linked to changes in the publishing business. Marco-Polo wasinformed on the spot that he suffered martyrdom in the city ofMalabar, or Meliapour, a league only from Madras, (D'Anville,Eclaircissemens sur l'Inde, p. 125,) where the Portuguese foundedan episcopal church under the name of St. Thome, and where thesaint performed an annual miracle, till he was silenced by theprofane neighborhood of the English, (La Croze, tom.

- M.] [Footnote 118: The Christianity of China, between the seventh andthe thirteenth century, is invincibly proved by the consent ofChinese, Arabian, Syriac, and Latin evidence, (Assemanni,Biblioth. i. Antiq.Lect.

)], Justinian was neither steady nor consistent in the niceprocess of fixing his volatile opinions and those of hissubjects. p. 113 - 346.)

They abjured, with a foreign heresy, themanners and language of the Greeks: every Melchite, in theireyes, was a stranger, every Jacobite a citizen; the alliance ofmarriage, the offices of humanity, were condemned as a deadly sinthe natives renounced all allegiance to the emperor; and hisorders, at a distance from Alexandria, were obeyed only under thepressure of military force.

Moses Hadas was a noted classical scholar and a talented writer.

But one could argue that the whole point of footnotes--for undergraduates, at least--is the pain. Aftercomforting his brethren, he embarked for Constantinople, andsustained, in six successive interviews, the almost irresistibleweight of the royal presence. . The superstition of the Jacobites is moreabject, their fasts more rigid, ^131 their intestine divisionsare more numerous, and their doctors (as far as I can measure thedegrees of nonsense) are more remote from the precincts ofreason.

etComment. ii.p.

tom.ii. p. 8 - 31, Paris, 1787,) may be consulted.]. ii.

Evagrius, l. iv.

p. 232,) Teurnefort,(lettre xx.,) and, above all, Tavernier, (tom. p. 402, iii.